Critical Thinking
Transcript: By Stephen Smith 000601471 Kanchana Hewage 000643311 Jake Rushe 000614068 Jasmine Abbey 000613596 How many people must be there if all but two are named Tanvir, all but two are called Jermaine, and all but two are called Lisa? Fallacies of Relevance Use of language Definitions adapted from Free dictionary, 2012 Critical thinking is rational, skilful appropriate thinking Four elements of critical thinking: statements, arguments, premises and conclusion 7 Standards of critical thinking include clarity accuracy, precision, relevance and fairness Barriers to critical thinking: human limitations, language use, inadequate logic psychological and sociological flaws Fallacy is a an argument which contains a mistake in reasoning Popular/ common fallacies: personal attack loaded question, bandwagon, appeal to pity, flattery, celebrity etc. Blooms Taxonomy Speed of creativity, 2010 FunTrivia (n.d.) Can you spot the fallacy? [Online] Available at: http://www.funtrivia.com/submitquiz.cfm?quiz=281476 (Accessed 14 March 2012) Mandm (2011), Fallacy Fridays available at: http://www.mandm.org.nz/2011/01/fallacy-fridays.html (accessed 13/03/2012) Mmcelhaney (2011) ad Misericodiam: appeal to pity- Apologetics 315 available at: http://mmcelhaney.blogspot.com/2011/04/fallacy-friday-ad-misericordiam-appeal.html (accessed 13/03/2012) Puzzles4you (n.d.) Critical Thinking Puzzles. [Online] Available at: http://puzzles4you.blogspot.com/ (Accessed 14 March 2012) Sen, Madhucchanda, 2010, An Introduction To Critical Thinking, India, Pearson Education Publisher Dorling Kindersley . Pp. 2- 14 Speed of Creativity , 2012, critical thinking, http://www.speedofcreativity.org/2010/07/05/critical-thinking-is-more-important-than-ever-amidst-internet-based-denier-propaganda/, accessed: 05/03/2012 Taylor, S. (2011) The Education Fallacy available at: http://lilt.ilstu.edu/staylor/course_related/education_fallacy.htm (accessed 13/03/2012) 1vigor, 2012, Core critical thinking skills, 1vigor, http://www.1vigor.com/brain-power/Clear-Thinking/index.html, accessed 03/03/2012 According to ‘The thinker's guide to intellectual standards’ , Intellectual standards are: “The standards necessary for making sound judgements or for reasoning well, for forming knowledge (as against unsound beliefs), for intelligent understanding, for thinking rationally and logically.” Elder, L and Richard P, 2008 Definition Presenting an argument that may in itself be valid, but does not address the issue in question FAllACY PUZZLE 2 Basic human limitations Critical thinking characteristics References Maria has been working at her current job for more than 30 years at the same wage. She desperately wants a raise so she approaches her boss to ask for one. She says, "You are one of the kindest people I know. You are smart and good-looking and I really love your shoes." What type of fallacy is this? Analytical Hierarchy Process “In order to reach a decision we must create a list of prioritized options” Saaty, T (2008) When we were deciding who should work on each part of the presentation one of our group members made a list of what must be included and then ensured each person had a fair share of the work. The priority was with the theory but closely followed by participation from the class so the interactive games were also an important part of the presentation. Critical thinking is: Non Linear Multifaceted Has more than one solution Entails subtle interpretation and evaluation Has multiple criteria Contains elements of uncertainty Reflects self regulation Demands effort!!! (Craver, Kathleen W. 1999) Brainstorming “Brainstorming within a group is a powerful method of finding ideas. It brings together the team and gives them motivation.” Chapman, A (2009) When we were choosing the name for our game-show we sat and discussed the possible names by saying them out-loud as they ideas came to us, then listed the best options , then we informally voted for what we thought was the catchiest. Elder, L and Richard P, 2008 Barriers of Critical thinking According to Linda Elder and Richard Paul From the Foundation for critical thinking, the standards for critical thinking are as follows CLARITY ACCURACY PRECISION RELEVANCE DEPTH BREADTH LOGIC FAIRNESS FAllACY PUZZLE - PUZZLE 5 Fallacies of Relevance (contd.) Answers in Genesis (2009), Logical Fallacies: The Fallacy of Reification available at: http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/2009/08/03/logical-fallacies-reification (accessed 13/03/2012) Christian Logic (2011), The Fallacy detective available at: http://www.christianlogic.com/products/item/the-fallacy-detective/ (accessed 13/03/2012) Collins English Dictionary (2010), Collins Publications London 75Th Edition Craver, Kathleen W. 1999, Using Internet primary sources to teach critical thinking skills in history, United States, Greenwood Publishing Group, pp. 2-3. DiSpezio, M (1996) Critical Thinking Puzzles. [e-book] New York: Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. Available through: